If you plan to build, extend, rebuild, or demolish a building, or if you wish to use an existing structure and require design documentation or permit, please contact us.
Our areas of activity are:
Audits and expert assessments
Construction work audit
Fire safety audit
Electrical installation audit
Gas installation audit
Heating system expert assessment
Chimney sweep report
Ventilation noise survey
Energy performance certificate
Drawings
Construction design documents
Amendment design of construction design documents
Survey design
Topo-geodetic survey
Post-construction geodetic survey
Project management
Applying for building permits and use and occupancy permits
Regularisation of construction works
Entering the construction work into the registry
Changing the purpose of use
Carrying out proceedings with the local government
Management
To apply for a building permit, you must first prepare construction design documents (generally in the preliminary design phase) with relevant additional documents. Depending on the site, this could include a geodetic basic plan, a dendrological assessment, an energy performance certificate, etc. The building permit is usually applied for during the preliminary design phase. The application is done digitally in the Registry of Construction Works (EHR) and its proceedings take a minimum of 30 days, but usually 1.5–6 months, depending on the specific solutions and local government. The earlier the vision is established, the better.
The preliminary design is based on design specifications, client’s input and whether the client knows exactly what kind of a building and yard they want. The following questions should be asked.
It is important to find out what kind of life the family would like in the future.
It depends a lot on the situation and how active the parties are. In the case of older buildings, built before 2015, the delays are caused by the elimination of deficiencies listed in the electrical, fire and/or heating chamber audits.
We order the audits, but the deficiencies identified during them must be resolved by the owner themselves. Here, the total cost of the works, the speed at which suitable cooperation partners will be found and how voluminous the works are that must be done to meet modern requirements will come into play.
In addition, a post-construction inspection survey will be purchased, according to which it will be possible to assess whether the number of buildings and civil engineering works corresponds to what is permitted in the comprehensive spatial plan – there can always be less, but not more. It is important whether the construction documents are available or need to be replaced with an audit of the construction work/apartment, whether the plan(s) of the construction work/apartment are available and whetherthe exterior fully conforms to the design or the latest approved inventory drawings. If the answer is ‘no’ and the site has been significantly changed compared to the drawings (relocating one of the interior doors does not apply here), it is necessary to find out whether there is a permit for construction work If there is a permit, a survey design must be prepared. If there is no permit, the existing situation must be compared with the latest drawings and amendments to construction design documents must be prepared.
Therefore, one part of applying for a use and occupancy permit is the preparation of documents, the other part is the proceedings. We will try to submit the application with documentation as completely as possible, so the proceedings take a shorter time (the time limit is 30 days). However, we cannot foresee everything, so it is possible that additional information will be required.
Based on our experience, applying for a use and occupancy permit takes an average of six months, but this requires that the deficiencies listed in the audits are resolved promptly.
The proceedings are carried out by the local government who will involve the necessary and relevant authorities or persons – for example, the Rescue Board, specialists of heritage conservation and culturally and historically significant areas, the possessors of utility lines (water and sewerage companies and/or gas companies etc), the Environmental Board, the Transport Administration, neighbours etc.
In the case of applications that have passed the proceedings and have been returned, no time limits are set for eliminating deficiencies (unless supervision proceedings have been initiated at the same time).
Specific time limits are not set often and if they are, they are different for every site. If the notes concern the correction of data, there is usually two weeks to one month to do so. In the case of larger works, for example the preparation of an amendment design, there have also been time limits of up to four months.
You can view the progress of ongoing proceedings by logging into the Registry of Construction Works (www.ehr.ee) (on the condition that you have been added as an applicant). The public can look at the ongoing proceedings on the basis of a proceedings number, but in this case only the status is visible.
Documentation is regulated by Regulation No. 3 of the Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure – https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/118022020009?leiaKehtiv
Building work is documented if:
1) a building permit is required for construction;
2) construction design documents must be submitted along with the building notice for construction in cases specified in Annex 1 to the Building Code;
3) a use and occupancy permit is required for the use of the construction work;
4) construction design documents must be submitted to use the construction work, along with the use and occupancy notice in cases specified in Annex 2 to the Building Code.
Building work will be documented systematically in a way that transparency and traceability is ensured and that with reasonable effort and expense, the following could be identified:
1) conformity of the construction and construction work to the requirements and the construction design documents; following the principle of professionalism;
2) the characteristics of the construction work and its parts;
3) the building products and construction materials used, if this information has not been presented in the construction design documents;
4) the location of the hidden parts of the construction work and their conformity to the construction design documents;
5) the builder and competent person of the construction work or its part;
6) other circumstances that may affect the quality, safety or environmental sustainability of the construction and construction work.
The construction document will indicate the preparation time of the document, its author and the name of the signee. The construction document will be prepared after the event being documented has taken place or at the time specified by legislation. The construction documents must be accessible for the owner of the construction work and the person performing regulatory enforcement.
Building documentation primarily consists of:
Construction supervision by owner subject to the building permit may only be performed by a person who meets the qualification requirements. According to the Building Code currently in force, a building permit is required for:
If the ground projection area of the building is up to 60 m² or it is a mandatory work set by a building notice, then owner supervision may be performed by the owner.
According to the Building Code, installing an air-sourced heat pump involves changes to the heating system of the construction work, necessitating a mandatory notice. It is especially important in historically and culturally significant areas where the outside part of the device must be shielded.
An apartment building functions as a single system, where the heating system and the exterior of the building are a common part that doesn’t belong to one apartment. The heating system works as a whole, meaning that replacing or changing its parts could disrupt the system’s operation. For example, your neighbour’s apartment might remain cold. Changing or relocating the openings on the exterior of the building will affect the overall appearance of the building.
A building permit grants the right to build a construction work that corresponds to the construction design documents based on which the building permit is issued. A building permit is required where it is mentioned in Annex 1 to the Building Code.
The new Building Code, effective from 1 July 2015, divided the building permit into two parts: BUILDING NOTICE and BUILDING PERMIT. Refer to the table in Annex 1 to the Building Code.
The notice applies to simpler and smaller works (eg, buildings with a ground projection of up to 60 m² and a height of up to 5 m, including remodelling and extension up to 33%) The permit must be applied for when the works or buildings are larger and require more responsibility. However, their content is the same – the right to build.
There is also a difference regarding the state fee – the building notice does not have one, the building permit usually has a state fee of 150 €.
The building of a construction work according to a building notice may take place within two years following the filing of the building notice or receipt of further requirements or approval of corresponding construction design documents (§37 of Building Code).
A building permit is valid for five years. When building work has commenced, the building permit remains valid for up to seven years from the time it became valid. Where this is justified, a longer validity period may be prescribed or the validity period may be varied. The date of commencement of building work is deemed to be the first day on which work corresponding to the construction design documents is performed (§45 of Building Code).
The application for a building permit must be accompanied by construction design documents that conforms to the requirements. Construction design documents generally consist of text and graphs:
Depending on the site, the following additional documents may be required:
Building:
Civil engineering work:
The building of a construction work according to a building notice may take place within two years following the filing of the building notice or receipt of further requirements or approval of corresponding construction design documents.
The individual who applied for the building permit must submit a notice of commencement of building work to the competent authority at least three days before the building work commences.
A concept design is a draft and its explanations in the field of architecture or engineering that depicts the general spatial solution. The aim of the draft plan is to convey the general principles of the construction work, its part, the idea of the site and the complete solution.
The preliminary design is the first and least detailed phase of construction design documents. It describes the principles and general quality of the construction work that will, if approved by the client, be detailed in the next phases of preparing construction design documents.
The detailed design is the second phase of construction design documents. It describes the design solutions and quality of the construction work to the extent that is the basis of determining construction costs, organising construction procurements and compiling tenders.
The construction working documents is the third and most detailed stage of construction design documents. It describes the design solutions and quality of the construction work to the extent that is the basis of performing construction work and construction supervision by owner. The basis for performance of construction works is the construction design documents in the phase of construction working documents. The preliminary design and detailed design don’t serve as a basis for the performance of construction works.
Conformity to the minimum requirements for energy performance is proven by means of the energy performance certificate. An energy performance certificate provides information on the rated energy demand or the actual energy consumption of a building that already exists or that is being designed. It is pleasant to live in an energy-efficient building, as there is fresh air to breathe. In the winter, the building stays warm and in the summer, it stays cool. There is no wind blowing near the windows and the temperature can be regulated according to your preferences. A building that has been built for energy-efficiency does not have mould, fungi or other organisms that pose a health risk.
The energy efficiency of a residential or non-residential building being erected must conform to at least class B, where heating and cooling systems have also been included. An energy performance certificate is not required for specific-purpose buildings.
Buildings that are being remodelled are subject to energy efficiency class C. The energy performance certificate is required for the small residential building remodelling application of KredEx.
If the planned terrace’s height is less than 1 m, it generally isn’t classified as construction works or civil engineering works requiring a building permit, as it does not increase the ground projection area of the building. If the height of the terrace from the ground is over 1 m, a building notice is required both for constructing a new terrace and demolishing the previous one, as it is considered part of the ground projection area.
For a terrace with a canopy and a ground projection area of over 20 m², construction design documents must be prepared and a building notice must be submitted. Fire safety, meaning the clearances between the buildings surrounding the terrace, must also be taken into account.
If the terrace is built in a historically and culturally significant area or in a heritage conservation area, it must fit in with the neighbouring buildings. The requirements set for historically and culturally significant areas are generally less strict. In heritage conservation areas, the design must be approved by both the local government and the National Heritage Board.
In the Register of Construction Works, all issued permits can be viewed under the building’s documents. For older buildings, some materials may be found in the archive.
Generally, if a building has been constructed before June 1995, which is when the Planning Act and Building Code entered into force, and if the current state of the building corresponds to the documentation in the archive, the building has the right of use of property. If construction work has been done in the building or utility systems have been modified after that, but there is no permit for the changes, then the legalisation of the building must be started.
The use and occupancy permit confirms that the building has been constructed according to the building permit, the utility systems are in order and it is safe for use.
The need for a use and occupancy permit usually comes up when purchasing or selling property or registered immovable. For example, when the bank is granting a home loan, it wants to make sure that the immovable property can be use for its intended purpose and the building can actually be used as a home. If the building does not have a use and occupancy permit at the time of purchase, the bank might initially accommodate and give the new owner a fixed time to apply for the permit, usually a year.
Insurance is also provided only for buildings with the permit.
The new Building Code, effective from 1 July 2015, divided the use and occupancy permit into two parts: USE AND OCCUPANCY NOTICE AND USE AND OCCUPANCY PERMIT. See table in Annex 2 to the Building Code.
The notice applies to simpler and smaller works (eg buildings whose ground projection up to 60 m² and whose height is up to 5 m, including remodelling and extension up to 33%) The permit must be applied for when the works or buildings are larger and confer more responsibility. However, their content is the same – the right to use or occupy.
There is also a difference regarding the state fee – the use and occupancy notice does not have one, the use and occupancy permit usually has a state fee of 30 €.
According to §50 of the Building Code, a use and occupancy permit may be issued in respect of a part of the construction work if that part is complete and the requirements established in legislation – first and foremost, the requirement that it is possible to use the construction work safely – have been complied with.
For example it is possible when the first floor of a detached house has been completed, but the second has been planned to be built later. A partial use and occupancy permit can also be applied for one side of a semi-detached house or for one apartment in an apartment building, if changes have been made to the main plan or utility systems.
A use and occupancy permit is granted for an unspecified period, unless otherwise stipulated in the permit.
When applying for a use and occupancy permit, the following additional documents may be required, depending on the site:
Note! Depending on the site, a competent authority may request additional construction documents.
Building
Civil engineering work
Before using a building that has been constructed on the basis of a building permit / building notice, a use and occupancy permit / use and occupancy notice must be applied for. It will confirm that the building has been constructed according to the design for which a permit was granted, that the utility systems are in good condition and that it is safe to use.
Depending on the site, the list of documents required, together with the application of use and occupancy permit, have been presented in section six (documents required for applying for a use and occupancy permit).
According to Annex 1 to the Building Code, any construction work whose erection would have required applying for a building permit or a building notice is unlawful or unauthorised.
If the unauthorised construction has taken place after the adoption of the Building Code (1 July 2015), then in order to regularise such a construction work, a building permit or a building notice must be applied for, under the same conditions as it should have been done already before the start of the construction.
For regularising the construction works built before the adoption (1 July 2015) of the Building Code in force today, there are special rules set in the Act to Implement the Building Code and the Planning Act. The special rules divide the regularisation into two parts:
It must also be taken into account that the time of the construction must be proven for the local government (photos with dates, receipts of the purchased materials etc).
To prove the construction work’s safety and its compliance with laws, reports, audits, expert assessments must be performed
For residential buildings constructed after 1 January 2009, an energy performance certificate is mandatory. It will be requested already when applying for a building permit. The energy performance certificate is also required when a summer cottage or a garden house has been remodelled into a residential building after 1 January 2009. In the case of older buildings, it is recommended to estimate this if there is a desire to sell the property in order to give an independent assessment of the building to the new owner or if it is desired to change the function of the building, for example, from a summer cottage to a residential building – the minimum energy performance certificate for a residential building is C.
In this case, appropriate measures must be taken to improve the energy performance certificate class. For example, ventilation with heat recovery could be installed, the building could be insulated or changes could be made to the heating system. More precise measures can be suggested by an energy auditor.
On 1 July 2015 the Building Code entered into force, the purpose of which is to promote sustainable development and to ensure the safety, purposeful functionality and usability of the built environment. With this code, construction is regulated and coordinated in a way that it would be straightforward and the building would be safe to use.
The basis of an amendment design is the design on which the building permit was issued. Amendment designs are prepared if construction needs to deviate from the original construction design documents. Changes could be done to the technical characteristics, exterior, planned solution, heating system, roofing material or some other important parts of the building.
A survey design is essentially an inventory drawing that is made when a building does not have an original/licensed project on the basis of which the building has been constructed or remodelled, but no permit or notification has been applied for.
Changes need to be regularised when, compared to the design on which the building permit was granted, the technical characteristics, architectural views, planned solution or utility systems have changed (instead of having a septic tank and a drilled well, there is a connection with a central utility line; changes have been made to the heating system, for example, an oil boiler has been replaced with geothermal heating etc).
Some local governments want to examine the situation on-site before issuing the use and occupancy permit. However, notes or approvals can also be provided without on-site visits. The safety of the building and the correctness of the documents will be assessed. If there are no notes to be made, the notice / permit will be issued.
There will be no inspection after the use and occupancy permit has been issued.
If there are no such documents, a construction work audit assessing the safety of the building will be prepared.
A construction work audit assesses the durability of the building, whether it meets contemporary requirements, and its safety. All possible documents are taken into account here: comprehensive spatial plan, detailed spatial plan, the initial design, the survey design and/or amendment design, the previously confirmed safety of the heating equipment, connection contracts of service providers etc. The construction work audit is prepared if the documents regarding the construction and used materials have not been preserved (journals of building operations, reports of covered work etc).
The fire safety audit assesses whether the building meets contemporary fire safety requirements. If it doesn’t, the audit will describe the current deficiencies that must be eliminated.
The fire safety audit takes into account the fire safety of the entire building, including the clearances or the distances between buildings. The audit also assesses the fire safety class, the fire resistance of the used materials and fire barrier sections, fire safety of ventilation, smoke exhaust, fire safety installations, how well rescue work can be carried out and if fire water is close enough to the property. The fire safety audit is purchased when there is doubt whether everything is in order, for example, if buildings or structures are too close to each other. The audit can be presented together with the expert assessment of heating chambers.
An electrical installation audit consists of three parts: survey, report and audit. The audit confirms that the electrical system of the building is in order, it meets the modern requirements and is safe for use. In the case of deficiencies, a list of deficiencies will be issued before the final audit.
The aim of expert assessment of heating systems is to assess how the heating system has been built and whether it is necessary to take measures to make improvements. An expert assessment of heating systems is prepared if the heating system has no documents (certificates, reports, etc) that would allow assessing its safety when applying for the use and occupancy permit The expert assessment of heating systems can be performed only by a person with a professional qualification.
A chimney sweep report confirms that the flues and chimneys have been cleaned of soot and are safe for use. An expert assessment of heating systems assesses the heating chambers, whether they are safe for use and if the flues have been properly connected to the chimneys.
An expert assessment is required when existing documents don’t verify that the heating chambers were installed by a qualified oven builder.
Deficiencies should typically be addressed within six months. Otherwise, a new audit will be necessary.
With a comprehensive spatial plan, a local government outlines the existing situation and sets general development directions for a municipality, city, or part of a city to ensure that industrial and residential areas, as well as high-rise and low-rise buildings, aren’t mixed (low-rise buildings could be affected by wind corridors). The goal of a comprehensive spatial plan is to preserve the distinctive appearance of an area and prevent architectural discord. This varies from municipality to municipality, but a comprehensive spatial plan may establish parameters such as building heights, roof slopes, plot coverage ratios, and greenery requirements. A building constructed after the establishment of the comprehensive spatial plan should be in accordance with the comprehensive spatial plan. For example, if according to the comprehensive spatial plan, there can be two auxiliary buildings but only one has been built, there is permission to also build a second one.
Detailed spatial plans are mainly established for new development areas, so the scale of these plans is much smaller than that of comprehensive spatial plans. As a rule, the detailed plan is valid for five years.
Design specifications are required for the creation of construction design documents for buildings subject to the building permit requirement or for civil engineering works of significant public interest in cases where the creation of a detailed spatial plan is not mandatory. The competent authority issues design specifications:
1) for the erection or creation of buildings or significant civil engineering works;
2) for the extension of buildings or significant civil engineering works by more than 33% of their original volume.
With regard to the building or significant civil engineering work, the design specifications establish, where relevant:
1) its purpose of use;
2) the maximum number permitted to be built in a land area;
3) location;
4) the maximum ground projection area that the building or significant civil engineering work may occupy;
5) its height and, where relevant, depth;
6) the requirements concerning architectural solutions, building work and appearance;
7) the possible location of the construction work required to service the construction works situated on a land or water area;
8) the need for site investigations;
9) the principles for planting vegetation, for street-side maintenance and for traffic arrangements;
10) the time limit for demolishing the building or civil engineering work. (§26 of the Building Code)
State fee for review of the application for design specifications – 25 €.
In this case, it depends on whether the construction work was built before the comprehensive or detailed plan was established. When the construction work is older, it does not have to meet the requirements of the modern comprehensive or detailed spatial plan.
For buildings constructed while the plans were being formulated, they must either conform to the existing plan or prompt the initiation of a new detailed spatial plan.
On average, it can take about a year to change a detailed spatial plan, sometimes about half a year. It all depends on the location, the complexity of the plan and how active the parties are.
Extensions must align with guidelines established in the comprehensive spatial plan. It varies with each building, as plots are of different sizes. It is necessary to check if there are any regulations regarding the maximum building coverage ratio, the size of the ground projection are, or any other clauses that have been established for the plot. Generally, an extension of up to 10% is not considered important, but an extension of 33% is.
How was Projektibüroo able to help Rein, Koit and Pauliine?
We are happy to answer them.
Ehitise ülevaatuse akt on ehitise ülevaatuse kohta koostatud dokument, millele kirjutavad alla ülevaatusel viibinud (ameti)isikud: omanikujärelevalve, ehituse peatöövõtja, projekteerija, vajadusel muud ülevaatusel osalevad spetsialistid. Kui nimetatud rollides on omanik ise, märgitakse vastavatele kohtadele omaniku nimi ja allkiri. Blankett on kättesaadav siit.
Kui ehitaja ja omanikujärelevalve tegija on omanik ise ja ehitamine toimus enne 01.07.2015, siis ei ole päevikud, kaetud tööde aktid ja koosoleku protokollid nõutavad (sellisel juhul tuleb vastavasisuline kinnitus lisada ehitise ülevaatuse aktile).
Ehitusprojekt on ehitise või selle osa ehitamiseks ja kasutamiseks vajalike dokumentide kogum, mis koosneb seletuskirjast, materjalide loetelust ja spetsifikatsioonist (sisaldab koguseid ja mõõte), tehnilistest ja arhitektuurilistest joonistest, hooldusjuhenditest ja muudest asjakohastest dokumentidest ja materjalidest. Ehitusprojekt peab olema koostatud mahus, mis võimaldab hinnata ehitisele õigusaktides esitatud nõuete täitmist. Ehitusprojekt peab detailplaneeringu kohustuse korral vastama selles nõutud tingimustele ja muudel juhtudel üldplaneeringu alusel väljastatud projekteerimistingimustele.
Ehitusprojekti olemasolu on oluline ka ehituse hilisemal ekspluatatsioonil ja hoolduse läbiviimisel. Ehitusprojekti abil saab ülevaate ehitise tehnilisest lahendusest. Selle alusel on võimalik vajaduse korral kavandada ehituse hooldust, remonti- ja renoveerimist, samuti kavandada ehitise parendus- ja laiendusprojekte (näiteks projekteerida lisakorrused, lisa-avasid, lammutada vaheseinu või vältida nende tegemist jne).
Kasutusloa taotlemise puhul tuleb kohalikule omavalitsusele esitada kogu ehitamise aluseks olnud projektdokumentatsioon, sh töö- ja põhiprojektid ning eriosade projektid, mis on pädevate vastutavate projekteerijate allkirjadega.
Koostatakse ja esitatakse KOVile, kui hoone ei ole ehitatud ehitusloa aluseks olnud ehitusprojekti kohaselt (vt “Nõuded ehitusprojektile” määruse § 12). Oma sisult on see varasemalt koostatud ehitusprojekti ja tänase, juba olemasoleva olukorra võrdlus.
Mõõdistusprojekt on olukorra kirjeldus, mis teostatakse, kui ehitusloa saanud projekt puudub, keerulisemate hoonete puhul on see ka sisendiks muudatusprojektile.
Ehituspäevik on dokument, milles kajastuvad andmed ehitamise, ehitusprojekti muudatuste, kasutatud ehitusmaterjalide ja -toodete ning omanikujärelevalve ja riikliku järelevalve kohta. Ehitustööde päevik koostatakse paberkandjal või digitaalselt ning see peab olema allkirjastatud pädevate vastutavate isikute poolt. Vt maaeluministri määrus nr 72 lisa 1 ja 2.
Kui ehitaja ja omanikujärelevalve tegija on omanik ise ja ehitamine toimus enne 01.07.2015, siis ei ole ehituspäevik nõutav (sel juhul tuleb vastavasisuline kinnitus lisada ehitise ülevaatuse aktile).
Kaetud tööde akt koostatakse ehitise selle osa kohta, mis kaetakse järgmisel ehituse etapil ning millega seoses puudub hilisem võimalus mõistliku pingutuse ja kuluga selle vahetuks ülevaatamiseks. Akt tõendab hoone juures tehtud töid, olgu selleks siis erakorraline või ka pikemalt ette planeeritud töö, näiteks elektrisüsteemi uuendamise, gaasikatla, maakütte, vesi-põrandakütte, kamina, puupliidi, kerise, ventilatsiooni- või sprinklersüsteemi rajamine-ühendamine-paigaldamine või toodete transport objektile (viimane võib olla vormistatud ka kui ÜV akt ehk üleandmise-vastuvõtmise akt). Kaetud tööde akte väljastatakse ka hoolduslepingutest tulenevate tööde tõendamiseks, näiteks ATS iga-aastane ülevaatus.
Allkirjastama peavad pädevad vastutavad isikud.
Nendeks on:
Tehnovõrkude teostusjoonised tõendavad, kuidas ehitustööd on tegelikult teostatud. Näiteks trasside puhul kutsutakse kohale geodeet, kes mõõdistab torude asukohad Eesti riiklikus koordinaatide ehk L-EST süsteemis sel hetkel, kui kraavid on veel kinni ajamata.
Üks asi on planeerimine ja teine plaani elluviimine. Näiteks on võimalik, et paigaldamise käigus leitakse maa seest hoopis nõukogude ajal sinna paigutatud kohalik gaasitrass, mis ei ole kusagil dokumenteeritud. Võib ka juhtuda, et maa sees avastatakse hoopis kolmemeetrise läbimõõduga kivi, mille eemaldamine ei ole rahaliselt mõistlik.
Teostusjoonised peavad olema esitatud PDF-vormingus ja koostaja allkirjaga.
Ehitise mahamärkimise akt on joonis riiklikus koordinaatsüsteemis, millel näidatakse ehitatava ehitise ehitusprojekti järgset paiknemist looduses koos paigaldatud tasapinna ja kõrgusmärkide skeemiga. Kohalikule omavalitsusele tuleb see esitada PDF-vormingus ja koostaja allkirjaga. See on aluseks uute hoonete ehitamise algusjärgule, et ehitis saaks plaanipäraselt rajatud.
Ehitusjärgne kontrollmõõdistus tehakse kõikide ehitusseadustiku mõistes ehitamise käigus maaüksusel tehtud muudatuste kajastamiseks. Esitatakse kohalikule omavalitsusele PDF-vormingus ja geodeedi allkirjaga. Lisaks tuleb geodeedil registreerida mõõdistus kohaliku omavalitsuse geomõõdistuste infosüsteemi. Sisuliselt on see kinnistu või kinnistu osa hetkeolukorra kaardistamine.
Küttesüsteemide ekspertiis tehakse tahkekütusel (nt puuhalud, puitbrikett, pelletid, kivisüsi) töötavate küttesüsteemide kohta (ahi, kamin, pliit, keris, katel vms) eesmärgiga selgitada välja küttesüsteemi seisukord ja anda hinnang selle tuleohutusnõuetele vastavuse kohta. Küttesüsteemi eksperthinnang on vajalik hoone kasutusloa taotlemisel juhul, kui:
Lihtsustatult on see vaja teostada juhul, kui puuduvad küttekollete passid, paigaldus- ja hooldusjuhendid, kasutatud materjalide sertifikaadid, korstnate ja läbiviikude teostusjoonised.
Kasutus- ja hooldusjuhend koostatakse nii, et sellest juhindudes on võimalik mõistliku kulu ja pingutusega ehitist kasutada, tuvastada ehitise ja selle osade omadused ning nende säilitamiseks vajalik tegevus kogu ehitise kasutusea ajal. Hooldusjuhend koostatakse lähtudes ehitusprojektist, ehitusprojektiga seonduvalt koostatud hooldusjuhendist ning ehitamisel saadud teabest. Ehitise hooldusjuhend sisaldab ehitise omanikule, korrashoidjale või ruumide kasutajatele juhiseid ehitise ja selle osade, kasutatud ehitustoote, -materjali ning -seadme:
1) õigeks, sihipäraseks ja säästlikuks kasutamiseks ning vajadusel utiliseerimiseks või hävitamiseks;
2) säilimise, korrashoiu ja hoolduse korraldamise aluspõhimõtete, eesmärkide kohta;
3) võimalikeks avariiolukordadeks või õnnetusjuhtumiteks.
Ehitise auditi käigus kontrollitakse ehitist kui tervikut või ehitise osa või ehitamise nõuetele vastavust. Kui ehitisel on kahjustused, mis takistavad ehitise kasutusotstarbele vastavat kasutamist või ehitis on kahjustuste tõttu ohtlik, hinnatakse ning kirjeldatakse nende ulatust ja kahjustuste kõrvaldamise võimalust ning meetmeid ehitise nõuetega vastavusse viimiseks.
Ehitise audit hõlmab vähemalt järgmisi meetodeid:
1) visuaalkontroll, mille käigus kontrollitakse, kas ehitis vastab ehitise kohta koostatud dokumentatsioonile ja antakse hinnang ehitise tehnilisele seisukorrale;
2) kasutuskontroll, mille käigus kontrollitakse, kas ehitise kasutamine ettenähtud viisil on võimalik, ohutu ja vastab kasutamise otstarbele;
3) dokumentatsiooni kontroll, mille käigus kontrollitakse auditi objektiks oleva ehitisele või selle osale õigusaktides nõutud dokumentatsiooni olemasolu ja nõuetekohasust.
Eristatakse korralist ning erakorralist auditi. Juhud ja sagedus on reguleeritud majandus- ja tariistuministri määruses nr 61 “Ehitise auditi tegemise Ehitise erakorralise auditi juhud
Ehitise erakorraline audit tehakse:
1) õnnetusjuhtumi, avarii, tehnosüsteemi rikke või muu ehitise või ehitise osa nõuetele mittevastavuse põhjuse tuvastamiseks;
2) ehitise või ehitise osa nõuetele vastavuse hindamiseks või vajadusel enne ehitusprojekti koostamist olemasoleva ehitise kohta eelhinnangu saamiseks;
3) ehitusseadustiku ja planeerimisseaduse rakendamise seaduse § 28 lõikes 6 või § 29 lõikes 6 toodud ehitusprojekti asendamiseks;
4) ehitusdokumentide asendamiseks, kui ehitusdokumendid on puudulikud määral, mis takistab pädeval asutusel andmast hinnangut kasutusloa menetluses või kasutusteatise kontrollimisel”.
Tuleohutusauditi eesmärk on anda hinnang, kas ehitis või selle osa vastab ehitistele esitatavatele tuleohutusnõuetele. Tuleohutusnõuete täitmise eesmärk on vähendada ohtu inimese elule ja tervisele, varale ning keskkonnale. Auditeeritava ehitise kontrollimisel lähtutakse kinnitatud ehitusprojektist (selle olemasolul), ehituslike tuleohutusnõuete määrusest (siseministri määrus nr 17 või ehitise ehitamise ajal kehtinud dokument), asjakohastest standarditest (nt EVS 812 sari) ja/või analüütilisest tõendamisest.
Korstnapühkija akt. Eramajades võib korstnat pühkida ise, kuid korra viie aasta jooksul peab süsteemid siiski üle vaatama kutseline korstnapühkija. Kortermajade ja ridaelamute küttesüsteeme peab korra aastas puhastama kutseline korstnapühkija, kes väljastab tehtud tööde kohta akti. Eramute puhul ei tohi akt olla vanem kui viis aastat, ridaelamute ning kortermajade puhul mitte vanem kui üks aasta. Korstnapühkijal peab kindlasti olema kehtiv kutsetunnistus, mille olemasolu saab kontrollida Kutsekoja veebilehelt www.kutsekoda.ee.
Kandekonstruktsioonide toimivusdeklaratsioonis väljendatakse ehitustoodete toimivust seoses nende toodete põhiomadustega vastavalt asjakohastele ühtlustatud tehnilistele kirjeldustele (standard või Euroopa tehniline hinnang).
Omavalitsusele tuleb esitada kandekonstruktsioonides kasutatavate materjalide toimivusdeklaratsioonid.
A construction work inspection report is a document prepared on the basis of the inspection that is signed by the (official) persons who were present at the inspection: the person performing construction supervision by owner, general contractor of the construction, designer and, if necessary, other specialists taking part in the inspection. If the owner assumes the aforementioned roles, their name and signature are indicated in the respective sections. The form is available here.
If the owner is both the builder and the person performing the construction supervision by owner and the building work took place before 1 July 2015, the journals of building operations, reports of covered work and the minutes of work meetings are not required (in this case, the corresponding confirmation must be attached to the construction work inspection report).
Construction design documents are a set of documents required for the construction work or for building a part of it. It consists of a design note, a list of materials and specification (including quantities and measurements), technical and architectural drawings, maintenance instructions and other relevant documents and materials. The construction design documents must be prepared in a volume that allows to assess the conformity with the legislation requirements set for the construction work. In the case of the obligation of a detailed spatial plan, the construction design documents must conform to the conditions required there and in other cases, with the design specifications issued on the basis of the comprehensive spatial plan.
The construction design documents are also important during the subsequent operation and maintenance of the construction work. The construction design documents give an overview of the technical solutions of the construction work. On the basis of the construction design documents, it is possible to plan maintenance, repair and renovation, and other designs for the improvement and extension of the construction work (for example, to design additional floors, additional openings, demolish partitions or prevent them from being built etc).
When applying for an occupancy permit, the design documentation that served as a basis for the building, including the construction working documents and detailed design documentation and MEP design documentation, must be submitted to the local government with the signatures of competent and responsible designers.
Amendment design is prepared and submitted to the local government if the building has not been constructed according to the construction design documents that was the basis of the building permit (see §12 of the regulation ‘Requirements for construction design documents’). In essence, this is a comparison of the previously prepared construction design documents and the existing situation.
Survey design is the description of a situation that is prepared when the design documentation that the building permit was issued on is non-existent. In the case of complex buildings, it can also serve as an input to the amendment design.
A journal of building operations documents details about the construction process, alterations to the construction design documents, materials and products used, construction supervision by owner, and regulatory compliance. The journal of building operations is prepared either on paper or in digital form and must be signed by competent responsible persons. See Annex 1 and Annex 2 to regulation No 72 of the Minister of Rural Affairs.
If the owner is both the builder and the person performing the construction supervision by owner and the building work took place before 1 July 2015, the journal of building operations is not required (in this case, the corresponding confirmation must be attached to the construction work inspection report).
A report of covered work is prepared for the part of the construction work that will be covered in the next building phase and with which there is no subsequent possibility for immediate inspection with reasonable effort and expense. The report proves the work performed on the building, be it extraordinary or long-planned work, such as the renewal of the electrical system or the creation, connection and installation of a gas boiler, geothermal heating, water-underfloor heating, fireplace, wood stove, heater, ventilation system, sprinkler system or transport of products to the site (the last example can also be presented in the form of an instrument of delivery and receipt). These reports are also issued to prove the work set by maintenance contracts, such as the annual inspection of fire detection and fire alarm systems.
They must be signed by competent responsible persons.
These include:
As-built drawings of utility networks prove how construction work has been carried out. For example, in the case of pipelines, a surveyor is called to measure the locations of the pipes in the Estonian national coordinates, or the L-EST system, at the moment when the trenches are still open.
One thing is planning, and another is implementing the plan. For example, during installation, we might discover a local gas pipeline placed there during the Soviet era, which is not documented anywhere. It can also happen that a stone with a diameter of three meters is discovered underground, and its removal may not be financially reasonable.
As-built drawings must be submitted in the PDF format and signed by the author.
A building staking report is a drawing in the national coordinate system that shows the location of the construction work being built according to the construction design documents, with an added plane and scheme of elevation points. It must be submitted to the local government in the PDF format and signed by the author. It serves as a basis to the initial stages of buildings, so that the construction works can be built according to plan.
Post-construction inspection surveys are carried out to reflect all changes made to the land unit during construction within the meaning of the Building Code. It is submitted to the local government in PDF format and signed by the geodesist. The surveyor must also register the surveying in the survey information system of the local government. In essence, it is the mapping of the current situation of either a registered immovable or its part.
Expert assessment of heating systems is carried out on heating systems (oven, chimney, stove, heater, boiler etc) operating on solid fuels (such as firewood, wood briquette, pellets, coal). The goal is to determine the system’s condition and its adherence to fire safety regulations. This expert assessment is necessary when applying for the use and occupancy permit of a building, if:
In simple terms, it is required to be performed only if there are no heating chamber passports, installation and maintenance instructions, certificates of the used materials, as-built drawings of the chimneys and penetrations.
The operating and maintenance instructions are designed for cost-effective use of the construction work. They outline its characteristics and necessary actions to maintain it and its components. The maintenance instructions are composed on the basis of the construction design documents and on the knowledge obtained during construction. The maintenance instructions contain the following information about the construction work, its parts and its equipment, and the used construction products and building materials for the owner, maintenance operator or user.
1) How to use, and if necessary, utilise or destroy the aforementioned properly, sustainably and as intended.
2) Principles and aims of preservation and maintenance.
3) Possible emergencies or accidents.
During the construction work audit, either the construction work as a whole, its parts or the conformity with construction requirements is inspected. If the construction work has damages that prevent its intended use or the construction work is dangerous because of its damages, their extent, then the possibilities of repairing them and the measures to bring the construction work into conformity with regulations will be assessed and described.
The construction work audit includes at least the following methods:
1) visual inspection, during which it is inspected whether the construction work conforms to the documentation prepared for it and the technical condition of the construction work will be inspected;
2) operational inspection, during which it will be inspected whether the construction work can be used for its intended purpose and whether it is safe and compatible with the intended purpose;
3) checking the documentation, during which the existence and conformity to regulations set by legislation of the documentation of the construction work or its part that is subject to the audit will be inspected.
There is a regular audit and an extraordinary audit. The instances and frequency of the extraordinary audit are regulated in §8 of regulation No 61 ‘Procedure for conducting a construction work audit’ of the Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure.
The extraordinary audit of a construction work is performed in cases of:
1) a casualty, an accident, failure of a utility system or when identifying the reason why the construction work or its part is not in conformity with requirements;
2) assessing the conformity of the construction work or its parts with requirements or if necessary, to obtain a preliminary assessment of an existing construction work before preparing the construction design documents;
3) replacing the construction design documents set in subsection 6 of §28 or subsection 6 of §29 of the Act to Implement the Building Code and the Planning Act;
4) replacing construction documents when they are incomplete in a way that it prevents a competent authority from assessing the use and occupancy permit proceedings or when inspecting the use and occupancy notice.
The goal of the fire safety audit is to evaluate if a construction project or its components comply with established fire safety standards. The aim of meeting the fire safety requirements is to reduce the risk to life, health, property and the environment. The construction work that is being audited is being inspected on the basis of approved construction design documents (if they exists), regulation on construction fire safety requirements (regulation No 17 or a document valid at the time of the building of the construction work), relevant standards (for example EVS 812 series) and/or analytical proof.
Chimney sweep report In detached houses, residents can sweep their chimneys, but they must have them inspected by a professional chimney sweeper at least once every five years. The chimneys of residential buildings and terraced houses must be swept once a year by a professional chimney sweeper who will also issue a report on the performed work. In the case of detached houses, the report must not be older than five years. In the case of terraced houses and apartment buildings, the report must not be older than one year. The chimney sweeper must have a valid professional certificate. It can be checked on the website of Kutsekoda www.kutsekoda.ee.
In the performance declaration of load-bearing structures, the functionality of construction products in relation to their main characteristics are expressed in accordance with relevant harmonised technical specifications (a stand or the European Technical Assessment).
Performance declarations for materials used in load-bearing structures should be presented to the local government.